Turbulence explained: Why it happens, how to stay safe and bumpiest flight routes

Turbulence explained: Why it happens, how to stay safe and bumpiest flight routes

Turbulence is a normal part of flying, caused by various atmospheric phenomena such as uneven heating, wind shear, frontal boundaries, and terrain. While it can be uncomfortable, modern aircraft are engineered to withstand even severe turbulence, and injuries are rare when proper precautions are taken. By staying buckled in, following crew instructions, and understanding what causes turbulence, passengers can minimize both risk and anxiety—no ma…