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Another Cold War and Two or Three Superpowers: the "Three Probable Scenarios" that the Armed Forces Cover Within 5 or 10 Years

Summary by 20minutos
The world is heading towards a new Cold War. That is one of the "most likely" scenarios that the Spanish Armed Forces are considering for the near future, according to the Chief of Defense Staff (JEMAD), Admiral General Teodoro Esteban López Calderón. "The international order in the next 5 or 10 years will depend fundamentally on two aspects: the final outcome of the war in Ukraine and the interrelationship that is created between the United Sta…

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The world is heading towards a new Cold War. That is one of the "most likely" scenarios that the Spanish Armed Forces are considering for the near future, according to the Chief of Defense Staff (JEMAD), Admiral General Teodoro Esteban López Calderón. "The international order in the next 5 or 10 years will depend fundamentally on two aspects: the final outcome of the war in Ukraine and the interrelationship that is created between the United Sta…

·Madrid, Spain
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Lean Left

The head of the military leadership, Admiral General Teodoro López Calderón, confirmed this Wednesday that Spain can fulfil the commitments demanded by NATO with an investment of 2% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in defense. In an informative breakfast organized by Nueva Economía Fórum, the maximum operational responsibility of the Armed Forces has explained that the General Staff of the Defense, which he directs, did “a work with all the h…

·Spain
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Adm. Lopez Calderon reiterated the position presented by Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez during the June NATO summit in The Hague, where he opposed spending 5 percent of GDP on defense, a position for which he was criticized by, among others, U.S. President Donald Trump. The article, "Russians may attack Europe from the Sahel [Spanish army chief], comes from the website Wszystko co mojego.

A critical analysis of the geopolitical scenarios proposed by JEMAD and their impact on European security. Read more Analysis of current geopolitical scenarios and their implications in News.es.

The president of the government, Pedro Sánchez, has reiterated this Tuesday that Spain does not need to allocate 5% of public spending to Defense in order to fulfill the commitments made with NATO. In his intervention, he has pointed out directly to the new secretary general of the Atlantic Alliance, Mark Rutte, to warn that "the data and the mandate are lacking" to make such calculations on behalf of Spain or any other allied country. Enough wi…

The president of the government, Pedro Sánchez, has reiterated that Spain does not need to spend 5% of the defense spending to achieve the objectives of military capabilities committed to NATO and has pointed out that the Secretary General of the Alliance, Mark Rutte, does not have the data or the ability to make those calculations. Sánchez has been defending that the Ministry of Defense and the Armed Forces have included 2.1% on GDP the expendi…

·Madrid, Spain
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Moncloa broke the news in on Wednesday, July 9, 2025.
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