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Leprosy Bacteria Preexisted Europeans in Americas, Study Shows

  • Researchers led by Dr. Maria Lopopolo revealed that Mycobacterium lepromatosis infected Indigenous populations in the Americas over 1,000 years ago, before European contact.
  • This finding overturns the long-held belief that leprosy arrived in the Americas only through European and African colonization during colonial times.
  • The study analyzed nearly 800 ancient and modern samples from regions including Canada and Argentina, using advanced DNA extraction and genome sequencing techniques.
  • Dr. Lopopolo highlighted that this finding fundamentally changes how we view the historical presence of leprosy in the Americas, underscoring the long-standing existence of the pathogen across the continent.
  • These results revise leprosy’s origin narrative, highlight a previously overlooked Indigenous epidemiology, and suggest new directions for public health management of this neglected disease.
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Institut Pasteur broke the news in on Wednesday, May 28, 2025.
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