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ISRO Milestone: Chandrayaan-2 Makes First Ever Observation of Sun's Impact on Moon; Key Details

Chandrayaan-2 detected a tenfold increase in lunar exosphere pressure during a May 10, 2024 solar coronal mass ejection impacting the Moon’s surface and atmosphere, ISRO reported.

  • On May 10, 2024, ISRO said Chandrayaan-2 mission recorded the first-ever observation of a Sun Coronal Mass Ejection impacting the Moon via CHACE 2.
  • Launched on July 22, 2019 from Sriharikota, the Chandrayaan-2 mission carried eight experiment payloads including Chandra's Atmospheric Compositional Explorer 2, designed to study the Moon's airless, unshielded exosphere.
  • CHACE-2 measurements showed dayside lunar exosphere total pressure rose and number density increased by more than an order of magnitude as Coronal Mass Ejection carried helium and hydrogen ions.
  • ISRO said the finding will help understand the lunar exosphere and space weather impact, while lunar base architects must account for extreme CME events altering the lunar surface.
  • Despite the Vikram lander setback on September 7, the Chandrayaan-2 Orbiter remains fully operational in a 100 km x 100 km orbit, enabling continued lunar observations.
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India Today broke the news in India on Saturday, October 18, 2025.
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