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Australia, India strike deal on uranium exports during Modi visit
The arrangement opens a new market for Australian producers and supports India’s plan to reach 100 gigawatts of nuclear power by 2047.
On Thursday, July 9, 2026, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese finalized administrative arrangements in Melbourne, enabling long-term Australian uranium exports to India for exclusively peaceful purposes under International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards.
The agreement resolves technical formalities that stalled commercial uranium trade for over a decade following the 2014 civil nuclear cooperation pact, addressing concerns regarding potential weapons diversion while ensuring fuel is used solely for peaceful civilian power generation.
India aims to expand nuclear capacity to 100 gigawatts by 2047, while the deal helps Australia diversify trade beyond its reliance on China; Australia holds nearly 28 percent of global uranium reserves, providing a reliable fuel source.
Beyond nuclear energy, the leaders signed 18 pacts pledging greater defense and security cooperation in the Indo-Pacific, with their joint statement describing the expanded partnership as reflecting a "step change in the depth and ambition" of the relationship.
The visit coincides with regional security tensions following Australia's criticism of China's recent ballistic missile test, while small protest groups gathered in Melbourne to voice concerns regarding domestic Indian politics and immigration policies.