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Whale 'Supergroups' Show Numbers Are Rebounding From Hunting. But Iran War Holds Dangers for Them
Researchers say the rebounding humpback population is drawing hundreds of whales into food-rich waters, raising fears of ship strikes.
In December, wildlife photographer Chris Fallows and his wife, Monique, encountered a rare humpback whale 'supergroup' of 299 individuals off South Africa, marking the largest sighting ever submitted to the Happywhale citizen science platform.
Humpback numbers in the Southern Hemisphere surged from less than 10,000 to more than 100,000 since the 1986 global whaling ban; Dr. Els Vermeulen, Chief Scientist at the University of Pretoria's Whale Unit, says supergroups began reappearing around 2012.
Fallows, who has documented marine animals for 35 years, described the gathering as a 'Manhattan skyline' of whale breath plumes; researchers identify individual whales by photographing their unique flukes to verify sightings.
Conflict in the Middle East has diverted maritime traffic around Africa, quadrupling fast-moving vessels on the coast since December 2023, which Gregg Oelofse, City of Cape Town coastal manager, warned significantly elevates collision risks.
To mitigate lethal ship strikes, Vermeulen is lobbying for official vessel speed limits near the coast, emphasizing that feeding whales remain unaware of their environment and require protective measures.