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When Earth Iced over, Early Life May Have Sheltered in Meltwater Ponds

  • Researchers led by MIT analyzed meltwater ponds on Antarctica's McMurdo Ice Shelf in 2018 to explore early eukaryotic life survival.
  • They investigated these ponds because during the Cryogenian Period 635 to 720 million years ago, global glaciation known as Snowball Earth covered much of the planet.
  • The research revealed clear eukaryotic signatures in every pond, showing diverse complex life existed in small, shallow meltwater pools resembling Snowball Earth refuges.
  • Fatima Husain explained that meltwater ponds likely provided refuges for early eukaryotic organisms during global glaciation periods.
  • These findings suggest that life endured and adapted in surface meltwater habitats despite extreme cold, reshaping understanding of early life resilience during global ice ages.
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How did life survive 'Snowball Earth'? In ponds, study suggests

Earth has not always been so hospitable to live. During several ice ages, the planet's surface was almost completely frozen over, creating what has been dubbed "Snowball Earth".

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Phys.org broke the news in United Kingdom on Thursday, June 19, 2025.
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