US EditionArthur Phillip: Founding Australia's Unique Convict Colony
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3 Articles
26 January 1788: The Day Australia Was Born · Caldron Pool
In 1786, Captain Arthur Phillip was appointed to lead an expedition to establish a British colony in New South Wales, supported by Captain John Hunter. The First Fleet, consisting of 11 ships carrying convicts, marines, and supplies, departed Portsmouth on 13 May 1787. After resupply stops in Tenerife, Rio de Janeiro, and Cape Town, the fleet endured an arduous 15,000-mile journey, arriving at Botany Bay in January 1788 with minimal loss of life…
Arthur Phillip: Founding Australia's Unique Convict Colony
From the outset, Sydney could hardly have been less like a slave colony. The two most significant books the First Fleet brought with them were the Bible and Blackstone’s Commentaries on the Laws of England. Governor Phillip’s instinct for personal freedom and for convict reformation was in tension with his officer training and the British government’s intention to create a small and well-ordered penal settlement. Because convicts in New South Wa…
The first European settlers landed in Australia 236 years ago, on January 26, 1788. A significant part of the group led by Captain Arthur Phillip consisted of convicts who were sent to the distant continent as punishment by the British Empire, writes Rubicon. Australia was intended as a prison colony James Cook discovered the southern tip in the summer of 1770, but the British showed no interest in it for a long time. This only changed in the 17…
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