Study Confirms Teeth Originated as Sensory Structures in Ancient Fish Armor
- On May 21, 2025, researchers at the University of Chicago revealed that teeth originally developed as sensory structures embedded in the protective skin of early vertebrates living approximately 465 million years in the past.
- This finding follows a detailed analysis of fossil specimens using advanced CT and synchrotron scans that clarified previous confusion about early vertebrates and invertebrates.
- The study showed that structures called odontodes, which contained dentine and nerves, initially served to detect water conditions rather than for chewing or defense.
- Lead author Yara Haridy explained that teeth can function as sensory organs even when located outside the mouth, while senior author Neil Shubin emphasized that detecting characteristics of the surrounding water was crucial for survival in a challenging predatory environment.
- These insights suggest that sensory tissue preceded oral teeth, refining the timeline of vertebrate evolution and supporting the theory that teeth evolved from external sensory structures.
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38 Articles
Scientists Just Traced Tooth Pain Back to a Prehistoric Fish
That zing in your molars after a cold drink? You can thank a prehistoric fish wrapped in bony armor that lived over 460 million years ago for that. A new study published in Nature shows that dentine—the sensitive tissue beneath your enamel—first evolved as part of sensory armor in extinct jawless fish. These early vertebrates used mineralized tissue not just for protection but for detecting their environment. “This shows us that ‘teeth’ can also…
Our sensitive teeth likely evolved from the armor of ancient fish
A new study reveals that the sensitivity of teeth, which makes them zing in a dentist's chair or ache after biting into something cold, can be traced back to the exoskeletons of ancient, armored fish.


Toothache from eating something cold? Blame these ancient fish
New research shows that dentine, the inner layer of teeth that transmits sensory information to nerves inside the pulp, first evolved as sensory tissue in the armored exoskeletons of ancient fish.
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