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Study: 2.75M-Year-Old Stone Tools Found in Kenya May Rewrite History

  • David R. Braun, professor of anthropology at the George Washington University, reported continuous Oldowan tool use at the Namorotukunan archaeological site, Turkana Basin, Kenya, from 2.75 to 2.44 million years ago.
  • Faced with recurring wildfires and droughts, plant fossils and isotopic records show landscapes shifted from wetlands to dry grasslands around 2.8 million years ago, and Rahab N. Kinyanjui said, `Geological evidence suggests that tool use probably helped these people survive dramatic changes in climate.`
  • Archaeologists at Namorotukunan excavated 1,300 artifacts within a 46-meter sediment record, finding more than 1,200 nearly identical pieces across three horizons and using argon-argon, paleomagnetism, chemical signatures, and plant microfossils to date layers.
  • The study challenges assumptions that sustained tool use began later with larger brains between 2.4 and 2.2 million years ago, as the Namorotukunan evidence forces a rethink of human-evolution narratives, authors say.
  • The international team, working with the National Museums of Kenya and the Daasanach and Ileret communities, found cut-mark evidence on animal bones linking tools to meat consumption, showing diets broadened across changing landscapes.
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CBS News broke the news in United States on Saturday, January 4, 2025.
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