Physics of the perfect cacio e pepe sauce
- On April 29, 2025, a team of mostly Italian physicists published a study in Physics of Fluids explaining how to create a reliable cacio e pepe sauce.
- The researchers aimed to solve why this iconic pasta sauce often turns clumpy instead of smooth due to cheese protein aggregation and starch inconsistencies.
- Their study from multiple universities showed that adding a precisely measured 2-3% starch-to-cheese ratio and controlling heat creates a smooth, creamy sauce.
- Ivan Di Terlizzi emphasized the importance of carefully measuring the starch quantity, as it plays a crucial role in the outcome of the recipe.
- The findings provide a science-based recipe that prevents clumping, promising a consistent sauce and practical guidance for home cooks preparing cacio e pepe.
12 Articles
12 Articles
Researchers Have the Perfect Cacio e Pepe Recipe Down to a Science—Literally
Cooking the famous, creamy pasta sauce is as delicious as it is frustrating, because the cheese tends to clump when exposed to heat. That's why Italian scientists created a new technique that's "simple yet precise"
A scientific method for flawless cacio e pepe
The beloved Italian pasta cacio e pepe is perhaps best known for two things: being delicious and being frustratingly difficult to cook. At first glance, it looks like a simple recipe, containing only three ingredients: pasta, pecorino romano cheese, and black pepper. But as anyone who has tried to make it will know, the cheese will often clump when added to the hot pasta water, turning what is supposed to be a smooth, creamy sauce into a stringy…
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