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Particle Accelerator Decodes Lost Ancient Greek Star Catalog

Using X-rays from a synchrotron, researchers uncovered erased star coordinates and maps from Hipparchus’s catalog in a medieval manuscript, revealing highly accurate ancient astronomical data.

  • A team at SLAC decoded the lost star catalog of Hipparchus using a synchrotron, revealing previously invisible Greek texts, including the word for 'Aquarius.'
  • The scanning relied on X-ray fluorescence technology, enhancing resolution beyond previous imaging methods to separate layers of ink from different eras.
  • Researchers aim to compare new data with preserved records of Ptolemy to prove he did not plagiarize Hipparchus's work, as indicated by researcher Victor Gysembergh.
  • The findings may resolve debates about the work of astronomer Ptolemy, indicating he utilized sources other than Hipparchus, according to historian Bradley Schaefer.
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KQED broke the news in San Francisco, United States on Saturday, January 24, 2026.
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