Life on Earth May Have Started in Ways We Can’t Even Imagine

Origin of Life on Earth: Intervention by Extraterrestrials?

It is THE head-scratching biological question of time and space: the origin of life on Earth. The spontaneous emergence of a protocell prior to Darwinian evolution remains a fundamental open question in physics and chemistry, notes Robert G. Endres of the Department of Life Sciences at Imperial College in London. Endres leads the Complex Adaptive […]

Life on Earth May Have Started in Ways We Can’t Even Imagine

A recent study published in July 2025 tackles one of the greatest mysteries of science—how life first emerged from non-living matter on early Earth. The research, led by Robert G. Endres from Imperial College London, presents a new mathematical framework that suggests the spontaneous origin of life is far more complex than previously understood. The Improbability of Life’s Origins Endres’ study applies concepts from information theory and algori…