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China’s 'Green Great Wall' Tames Desert Growth, but Scientists Warn the Fight Is Not Over
Scientists say long-term monitoring shows severe desertification has fallen more than 40%, but they warn the gains need decades more work.
China's Three-North Protective Forest Program has shrunk desertified land by around 10% overall since 2000, with severely degraded areas declining more than 40%.
For half a century, millions of workers have inserted sticks into shifting sand to form "straw checkerboards," a technique that stabilizes dunes and allows saplings to take root.
Scientist Zhu Jiaojun of the Chinese Academy of Sciences credited progress to state investment, worker efforts, and increased rainfall in recent years. Forest cover rose from around 5% in 1978 to 14% in 2022.
Over 300 million rural laborers have participated in the program on a paid, part-time basis. Green Camel Bell founder Zhao Zhong emphasizes linking restoration to local livelihoods so communities benefit economically.
Barron Joseph Orr, chief scientist for the U.N. Convention to Combat Desertification, said reversing desertification is possible when integrated into long-term development strategies requiring careful management and monitoring.
For half a century, millions of workers have repeated a task in the deserts of northern China: insert sticks of the length of a forearm into the quicksand, first in a row and then in a line that crosses it, gradually forming a grid. Then they plant shoots in the center of each small square.