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China economy weakens further in May as retail sales post first drop in over three years
Urban fixed-asset investment fell 4.1% through May as real estate investment plunged 16.2%, underscoring weak demand despite stronger industrial output.
On Tuesday, the National Bureau of Statistics reported China's retail sales fell 0.6% in May, marking the first monthly decline since December 2022. Urban fixed-asset investment contracted 4.1% during the first five months of the year.
Economic data reveals a widening 'K-shaped' growth pattern, where robust manufacturing and export sectors contrast with persistent weakness in property and consumer spending. Exports recorded a 19.4% gain, yet this performance has not filtered through to domestic consumption.
Industrial output rose 4.5% in May, though the official manufacturing gauge slowed to 50, hovering at the threshold between expansion and contraction. Property investment flows plunged 16.2% during the January to May period, deepening the investment slump.
Despite the national unemployment rate easing to 5.1% in May, weak consumer demand prevents producer price gains from filtering into the broader economy, with consumer inflation remaining modest at 1.2%. The Labour Day holiday failed to offset these trends.
Weak household loan data suggests consumers remain wary of borrowing for housing amid sluggish income growth and job insecurity, while anxiety over potential AI-related labor displacement persists. These headwinds complicate efforts to sustain growth momentum.