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US vaccine advisers say not all babies need a hepatitis B shot at birth

The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices voted to end universal hepatitis B birth doses for infants of mothers testing negative, shifting to parent-provider decision-making.

  • Last week, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices voted to remove the universal hepatitis B birth dose, limiting at-birth shots to mothers who test positive or have unknown status, while the CDC recommends shared decision-making for mothers who test negative.
  • Following a summer overhaul of ACIP membership, U.S. Health and Human Services Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. replaced all 17 members, and panelists said risk to infants of mothers who test negative is extremely low.
  • Historically, the 1991 birth-dose rule reduced pediatric cases by 98 percent, while the U.S. saw roughly 3.6 million births in 2024 and used about 2.8 to 3 million doses annually.
  • Several states are signaling they will not follow the federal advisory change, the American Academy of Pediatrics rejects the panel's shift, and AHIP reports coverage will likely remain unchanged while pediatricians see more parents declining the birth dose.
  • Experts warn the change could raise infant infection and chronic‑disease rates, as West Coast Health Alliance and local public‑health experts caution it risks more liver disease and cancer, while WHO notes 95% of infected newborns develop chronic hepatitis and 25% die from it.
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WEAREIOWA broke the news in on Thursday, December 4, 2025.
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