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UK Firm Launches 1,000°C Furnace in Orbit for Semiconductors

Space Forge's orbital furnace reached 1,000°C to create plasma, enabling semiconductor crystals up to 4,000 times purer than Earth-made materials, advancing microgravity manufacturing.

  • The Cardiff-based startup announced on Dec. 31 that ForgeStar-1 generated plasma in low Earth orbit, marking the first commercial satellite to create conditions for semiconductor production in space.
  • Because microgravity offers ultra-high vacuum, Space Forge says orbit semiconductors can be up to 4,000 times purer, targeting gallium nitride, silicon carbide, aluminium nitride and diamond.
  • ForgeStar-1 launched in June on a SpaceX rideshare and the team has been testing systems from mission control in Cardiff, while images showed glowing plasma at roughly 1,000°C and CEO Joshua Western said this opens a new manufacturing frontier.
  • The company plans immediate tests to map plasma behaviour in microgravity, develop a larger factory for 10,000 chips, and test Pridwen, the reentry heat shield, for material recovery.
  • If scaled, these materials could supply components for 5G towers, EV chargers, and modern aircraft, while Space Forge plans to combine orbital growth with terrestrial scaling at the Centre for Integrative Semiconductor Materials, following similar private-sector efforts by Varda Space Industries and ETH Zurich.
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BBC News broke the news in United Kingdom on Wednesday, December 31, 2025.
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