The former US Defence Secretary Donald Rumsfeld was widely pilloried for a now infamous remark about “unknown unknowns”. But if you read what he actually said, it was not only wise – it was an essential way of looking at the world, especially for a military strategist: “There are known knowns; there are things we know we know. We also know there are known unknowns; that is to say, we know there are some things we do not know. But there are also …