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Permafrost in Swiss Alps at Record Warmth

  • The Swiss Alps permafrost reached record warmth during the hydrological year 2024, with significant warming in the top 10 metres and deeper layers.
  • This warming results from ongoing climate trends, early autumn 2023 snowfall trapping ground heat, and sustained global temperature increases.
  • Monitoring over 25 years shows permafrost temperature rises exceeding 0.8°C at 10 metres depth, unprecedented active layer depths, and reduced ground ice content impacting stability.
  • Switzerland's current near-ground air temperature is about 2.9°C above the 1871-1900 pre-industrial average, while the hydrological years 2022 to 2024 rank among the five warmest recorded.
  • These changes likely contributed to the Birch glacier collapse that destroyed Blatten village last month, highlighting challenges for alpine infrastructure and hazard management.
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In 2024, the melting of the perpetually frozen soil of the country reached a level never seen, according to the Swiss Academy of Natural Sciences. This degradation could be one of the causes of the Blatten disaster, a village ravaged by the fall of a glacier a few weeks ago.

·Paris, France
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The ice in the Swiss Alps melts away – with consequences for nature and infrastructure.

·Zürich, Switzerland
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watson.ch/ broke the news in Zürich, Switzerland on Tuesday, June 17, 2025.
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