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Single Gene Shift Prolonged Bubonic Plague Pandemics

  • Researchers from McMaster University and Institut Pasteur published a May 29, 2024, study in Science about a genetic change in Yersinia pestis linked to historic plague pandemics.
  • The study found that reductions in the pla gene copy number arose independently in strains from the Justinian plague, Black Death, and third pandemic, occurring well after the initial outbreaks of each pandemic.
  • This genetic change decreased plague mortality by about 20% and lengthened infection duration by allowing infected rodents to live longer and thus spread the disease farther.
  • Co-Author Hendrik Poinar said the reduction in pla may reflect changes in rodent and human population densities, affecting plague persistence and virulence over centuries.
  • These findings suggest plague adapted its virulence to maximize spread in fragmented populations, providing insights into how pandemics modulate severity and persist or decline over time.
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Nature broke the news in United Kingdom on Thursday, May 29, 2025.
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