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Study: Long COVID ‘brain fog’ linked to inflammation, stress markers

  • A pilot study published on May 15, 2025, in PLOS One compared 10 long COVID patients to 7 fully recovered individuals to examine brain and inflammation biomarkers.
  • The study followed patients with confirmed PCR-positive COVID to address why some develop cognitive symptoms such as brain fog, while others recover fully.
  • Researchers found significantly lower nerve growth factor levels and higher interleukin-10 in the long COVID group, which suggest reduced brain plasticity and ongoing inflammation.
  • Lead author Michael Lawrence emphasized that recognizing patients vulnerable to long COVID through specific biomarkers could enable earlier, comprehensive care, potentially improving outcomes for those experiencing ongoing symptoms.
  • The findings validate long COVID symptoms and indicate assessing inflammatory and brain biomarkers may help physicians provide better, comprehensive treatment earlier.
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The Hill broke the news in Washington, United States on Thursday, May 15, 2025.
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