Russia Designed a Submarine to Replace ‘Black Hole’ Kilo-Class — China Cancelled, India Chose France, and Moscow Never Actually Built One

Russia Designed a Submarine to Replace ‘Black Hole’ Kilo-Class — China Cancelled, India Chose France, and Moscow Never Actually Built One

Defense columnist Steve Balestrieri analyzes the struggles of Russia’s Amur-class submarine program. Marketed as the ultimate stealth successor to the Kilo-class with AIP and VLS capabilities, the Amur has failed to secure a single buyer. Crippling sanctions and technical failures have left this fifth-generation export sub completely stalled. The post Russia Designed a Submarine to Replace ‘Black Hole’ Kilo-Class — China Cancelled, India Chose F…