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Research Shows Neanderthals Gathered Shellfish Like Modern Humans
The study says they gathered shellfish mainly from November to April and used oxygen isotopes to identify seasonal harvesting.
New research published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences reveals Neanderthals at Los Aviones Cave in Spain gathered shellfish 115,000 years ago, challenging previous assumptions about their cognitive abilities.
Neanderthals favored colder months for foraging between November and April to exploit higher meat yields. Study co-author Asier Garc explained, "They consumed marine resources throughout the year."
Researchers analyzed oxygen isotopic signals in shell carbonate to reconstruct growth patterns; these values function as a "prehistoric thermometer," according to Garc, enabling scientists to pinpoint exact collection dates.
This discovery suggests Neanderthals possessed cognitive and economic capacities comparable to modern humans. Garc added that findings establish the Iberian Peninsula as key to understanding our closest ancestors.
The study highlights a "diversified" diet incorporating high-quality marine proteins rich in Omega-3 and zinc, suggesting Neanderthals and modern humans possessed more similar subsistence strategies than previously thought.