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One shot or two? What to know about HPV vaccination recommendations
A Costa Rica study found one shot gave about 97% protection, as federal officials and doctors weigh a simpler HPV schedule.
Medical experts are discussing whether a single dose of the HPV vaccine might sufficiently protect preteens, potentially shifting away from the current two-dose standard. The American Academy of Pediatrics committee is actively exploring this guidance change.
A study tracking more than 20,000 girls found a single shot provided about 97% protection against cervical cancer, similar to two doses. However, experts note less evidence exists regarding protection against other HPV-related cancers in boys.
U.S. vaccination recommendations remain splintered after Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. attempted a unilateral reduction to one dose earlier this year. A federal judge blocked that order, though medical groups continue evaluating independently.
Vaccinated males are nearly 50% less likely to develop several types of cancer, according to the University of Minnesota's Vaccine Integrity Project. "The duration of protection is long," said Angela Ulrich, who led the review.
Experts currently advise that children receive two shots to ensure full protection. Yale University vaccine policy researcher Jason Schwartz noted any change would be a significant shift from long-standing communication about adolescent health.