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On This Day, July 21: Monkey Trial Ends with Guilty Verdict in Tennessee

DAYTON, TENNESSEE, JUL 20 – The 1925 Scopes Trial challenged Tennessee’s Butler Act and sparked a lasting debate on academic freedom, with 62% of Catholics now accepting evolution, a 2024 Gallup survey shows.

  • The Monkey Trial concluded on July 21, 1925, in Dayton, Tennessee, with John Thomas Scopes found guilty and penalized $100 for instructing students in evolutionary theory, which was prohibited by state law.
  • The trial originated after Tennessee lawmakers enacted the Butler Act in early 1925, which prohibited teaching evolutionary theories that conflicted with the biblical creation narrative.
  • The highly publicized courtroom drama pitted defense attorney Clarence Darrow against prosecutor William Jennings Bryan and was the first nationally broadcast trial over radio.
  • According to the leader of the Rhea Heritage Preservation Foundation, the trial's issues remain unresolved, continuing to fuel discussions about education and the rights of parents.
  • Although Scopes’ conviction was later overturned on a technicality and the Butler Act repealed in the late 1960s, debates over evolution education continue in Tennessee and beyond a century later.
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Townhall broke the news in Washington, United States on Sunday, July 20, 2025.
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