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Gravity study shows why the moon's two sides look so different

  • NASA researchers led by Ryan Park published a study on May 14, 2025, revealing why the moon's nearside and farside look so different using gravity data from the 2011-2012 GRAIL mission.
  • The study builds on the long-standing question of the moon's interior asymmetry caused by differential volcanic activity and heat concentration beneath the nearside facing Earth.
  • By analyzing tidal deformation through precise gravity measurements, the team found that the moon's nearside mantle is 180 to 360 degrees Fahrenheit warmer and flexes 72 percent more than the farside.
  • Park explained that the initial findings were so unexpected that the team had to repeatedly verify the calculations, and Alex Berne highlighted that the mantle's unevenness corresponds with surface geological features, indicating that volcanic activity on the moon continues today.
  • The enhanced gravity map and understanding of lunar asymmetry will support precise navigation and timing for future crewed missions and enable further study of planetary interiors across the solar system.
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NewScientist broke the news in Baltimore, United States on Wednesday, May 14, 2025.
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