It Has Been Found that a "Perfectly Fair Election" Is Mathematically Impossible, as It Cannot Simultaneously Satisfy the Three Conditions of Regional Representation, Proportional Representation of Votes, and the Number of Seats.
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Every election promises to faithfully reflect the will of the voters. Yet, a perfectly fair election has just come up against an implacable mathematical demonstration. Thus, the debates on the voting method often revolve around the best possible setting. According to a study published in Annals of Operations Research on 31 July 2026, two researchers from Cambridge and Copenhagen universities have shown that no adjustment will ever be enough. The…
It has been proven mathematically impossible to create an electoral system that consistently guarantees three seemingly fair conditions in every election: "the candidate with the most votes locally wins," "seats are allocated to each party according to their national vote share," and "the number of seats in parliament remains unchanged." According to a research team from Cambridge University and the University of Copenhagen, if the number of pol…
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