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India must uphold water-sharing treaty with Pakistan, international court says

The court said the treaty remains fully in force and ordered India to curb Ratle construction until a World Bank-appointed expert rules in 2027.

  • On Monday, the Permanent Court of Arbitration ruled that India must limit construction on a Kashmir hydroelectric plant and uphold the Indus Waters Treaty with Pakistan, which India suspended last year.
  • India suspended the treaty last year, which ensures water supply to 80% of Pakistani farms, marking a departure from the 1960 agreement both nations had honored despite prior regional conflicts.
  • Agreeing with Pakistan, the court restricted India from building the Ratle Hydro-Electric Plant dam wall above specific levels until 90 days after a World Bank-appointed neutral expert issues a decision.
  • India's Ministry of Foreign Affairs rejected the verdict "categorically," stating the court lacks jurisdiction over sovereign decisions and its pronouncements will have no effect on India's projects.
  • A neutral expert will determine by July 2027 whether hydroelectric projects in the Himalayan region comply with treaty obligations, while the court affirmed the Indus Waters Treaty remains fully in force.
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Lean Left

In May 2025, New Delhi announced the suspension of its participation in the Water Sharing Agreement, which concerns, inter alia, the Indus River, after accusing Pakistan of supporting a deadly attack on tourists in the Indian part of Kashmir, which Islamabad denied.

·Paris, France
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Right

India may not unilaterally withdraw from a water treaty with Pakistan, the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague ruled on Monday. According to the international tribunal, India must "fulfill its obligations" under the agreements made regarding the sharing of water in the Indus Basin. The tribunal has also "prohibited" India from carrying out work on two hydropower projects.

·Apeldoorn, Netherlands (Kingdom of the)
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Courthouse News Service broke the news in Pasadena, United States on Monday, August 31, 2026.
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