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First Personalized Gene Therapy Using Base Editing Shows Promising Results in Baby with Rare Disorder

  • A baby named KJ Muldoon from Clifton Heights, Pennsylvania, received a personalized experimental gene editing treatment in early 2025 for severe CPS1 deficiency, a rare and deadly genetic disease.
  • Shortly after being born, KJ was identified as having CPS1 deficiency, a fatal condition in half of affected infants, prompting researchers to develop a personalized CRISPR-based treatment within six months to correct the crucial genetic defect.
  • A therapy targeting liver cells with lipid nanoparticles was developed by a collaborative team from leading Philadelphia-based medical institutions and administered to KJ through initial and subsequent treatments between February and April 2025.
  • Following treatment, KJ has shown improvements such as eating more normally, recovering from illnesses better, and taking less medication, though researchers caution it is still early to assess long-term effects.
  • Experts say this milestone opens the door for more personalized gene therapies for rare diseases, but barriers remain, with expectations these will be overcome in five to ten years to help millions currently left behind.
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Nature broke the news in United Kingdom on Thursday, May 15, 2025.
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