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Energy Department takes steps toward allowing plutonium, historically used in weapons, in nuclear fuel

The program aims to convert nearly 20 metric tons of weapons-grade plutonium into fuel for advanced commercial reactors, officials said.

  • On Tuesday, the U.S. Department of Energy selected five companies including Oklo for advanced negotiations under the Surplus Plutonium Utilization Program to convert Cold War-era plutonium into fuel for advanced nuclear reactors under strict security and safeguards.
  • A White House executive order in March reversed prior disposal policy, directing the Energy Department to make roughly 20 metric tons of plutonium extracted from dismantled nuclear warheads available to American energy companies instead of diluting and disposing of it.
  • Oklo co-founder and CEO Jacob DeWitte said "fuel supply constraints are a key throttle to advanced reactor development," while the company's partnership with Paris-based Newcleo includes a potential $2 billion investment announced in October 2025.
  • Regulatory engagement is underway: Newcleo filed pre-application documents with the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission in February for an advanced fuel fabrication facility, while Oklo shares surged over 5.5% following the announcement as firms enter security and transportation negotiations.
  • Former Energy Secretary Ernest Moniz warned that plutonium-based fuels have a poor track record and could create additional weapons-usable materials, while Democratic lawmakers urged cancellation citing proliferation risks equivalent to 2,000 atomic bombs; Newcleo founder Stefano Buono counters that conversion reduces long-term U.S. nuclear liabilities.
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Joplin Globe broke the news on Tuesday, May 26, 2026.
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