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Rwanda and Congo’s Unstable Peace

EASTERN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO, JUL 07 – The peace deal excludes M23, raising enforceability concerns amid efforts to neutralize armed groups and unlock mineral wealth in eastern DRC, where over six million lives were lost.

  • On June 27, 2025, Rwanda and the DRC signed a peace agreement criticized for excluding M23 and uncertain enforceability.
  • Following the collapse of Angola-led talks in December 2024, a joint EAC-SADC process began in early 2025, culminating in the U.S.-brokered June 27 peace agreement.
  • The agreement establishes a 90-day Rwandan troop withdrawal, a joint security body, but excludes M23, undermining its legitimacy.
  • Within 48 hours, M23 launched new offensives, undermining cautious regional optimism after the peace deal.
  • As the 90-day deadline begins, Rwanda must withdraw troops and end support for M23, with US pressure crucial to enforce consequences for non-compliance.
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At the Mutobo camp, Rwandan ex-combatants from eastern DRC, mostly ex-FDLR, are demobilized and resonated in Rwandan society.

·Paris, France
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Actualite.cd broke the news in on Sunday, July 6, 2025.
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