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Cocaine Pollution Alters Salmon Behavior in the Wild, Study Reveals

Researchers found benzoylecgonine made juvenile salmon swim nearly twice as far and spread 12.3 kilometers farther, suggesting wastewater pollutants may alter fish behavior.

  • On Monday, a Current Biology study revealed that 105 juvenile Atlantic salmon exposed to benzoylecgonine and cocaine exhibited altered movement patterns in Sweden's Lake Vättern over eight weeks.
  • Wastewater treatment facilities often lack capacity to remove illicit drugs; cocaine and benzoylecgonine consequently discharge into natural water bodies, exposing wildlife to persistent chemical cocktails.
  • Benzoylecgonine-Exposed fish swam up to 1.9 times farther weekly and dispersed up to 12.3 kilometers beyond control groups; cocaine also altered behavior but with weaker, less consistent effects.
  • Co-Author Marcus Michelangeli of Griffith University warned behavioral shifts could disrupt foraging and predator avoidance: "Where fish go determines what they eat, what eats them, and how populations are structured."
  • Environmental risk assessments typically prioritize parent compounds, yet researchers argue this approach may underestimate ecological harm; they advocate shifting priorities to include metabolites, which are often more abundant.
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Sidney. Salmons swim longer distances under the effects of cocaine, which like other drugs can reach rivers through wastewater, revealed a study released this week.

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An international study, led by researchers from Griffith University (Australia), the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (Sweden), the London Zoological Society (UK) and the Max Planck Animal Behavior Institute (Germany) has been the first to demonstrate the effects of cocaine contamination on the behaviour of fish in their natural habitat, rather than in laboratory conditions.Read more]]>

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Scientific American broke the news on Monday, April 20, 2026.
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