The top quark isn't a loner after all: "toponium" is real!

The top quark isn't a loner after all: "toponium" is real!

Some particles just seem destined to be alone. Among atoms, helium and the other noble gases are famous for ignoring other atoms, displaying an energetics-based preference for remaining as isolated atoms over binding with any other atom, regardless of species. Among the fundamental particles, neutrinos (and antineutrinos) don’t appear to form any bound states, as they’re uncharged under both the strong nuclear and the electromagnetic force: the …