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The sun is killing off SpaceX's Starlink satellites

  • In late 2024, heightened solar activity during the sun’s 11-year cycle peak accelerated re-entry of SpaceX’s Starlink satellites into Earth's atmosphere.
  • This happened because bursts of solar activity, including intense eruptions from the sun, caused geomagnetic storms that heated and expanded Earth's upper atmosphere, resulting in increased drag on satellites orbiting close to Earth.
  • NASA researchers tracked 523 Starlink satellites re-entering between 2020 and 2024, noting re-entry times dropped from over 15 days to as low as five days during geomagnetic events, with 37 satellites re-entering in five days in one instance.
  • In August 2024, a metal piece weighing 2.5 kilograms from a Starlink satellite was recovered on a farm in Canada, marking the sole confirmed case of Starlink debris surviving atmospheric re-entry, while experts caution that solar storms introduce substantial errors in re-entry forecasts and complicate satellite operations.
  • Although this increased drag shortens satellite lifespans and complicates operations, some experts suggest it may aid space debris removal by accelerating the natural deorbiting of defunct satellites.
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NewScientist broke the news in Baltimore, United States on Tuesday, May 27, 2025.
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