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Study finds penguins breeding two weeks earlier as Antarctica warms

A decade of warming raised breeding ground temperatures 3°C, prompting three penguin species to breed two weeks earlier, with gentoo penguins advancing fastest and increasing competition.

  • Published in the Journal of Animal Ecology, researchers report that with temperatures increasing by 5.4 degrees Fahrenheit, three penguin species began breeding about two weeks earlier than a decade ago.
  • Researchers found colony locations are warming four times faster than the Antarctic average, with less sea ice causing earlier phytoplankton blooms that alter breeding prey timing.
  • With 77 time-lapse cameras at 37 colonies, Penguin Watch volunteers annotated over 9 million images, enabling decade-long landscape-level analysis of breeding and temperature changes.
  • Researchers warn climate change creates 'winners and losers', favouring gentoo penguins while Adélie and Chinstrap penguins decline, with overlapping breeding seasons threatening chick survival and models suggesting extinction risk in the Antarctic Peninsula.
  • Scientists urge continued monitoring as Ignacio Juarez Martinez states, `The scale is so great that penguins in most areas are now breeding earlier than in any historical records`.
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In ten years, some colonies have advanced their date of nesting by 24 days, observes a British study published this Tuesday, January 20th. These upheavals compete with three species that previously managed to coexist.

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Science Daily broke the news in United States on Monday, January 19, 2026.
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