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Brazil Uncovers Russian Spy Network Built on Forged Documents

  • Brazilian federal agents exposed a Russian spy network living under fake Brazilian identities from early 2022 through a multiyear investigation called Operation East.
  • The investigation was launched following a CIA tip in April 2022 that exposed Sergey Cherkasov, a GRU operative who had created a fabricated Brazilian identity over several years and was subsequently apprehended on charges of document fraud.
  • Investigators found the spies exploited Brazil's decentralized birth certificate system that issued real documents with minimal verification, allowing creation of authentic identities for cover.
  • Authorities identified at least nine Russian officers; only Cherkasov remains imprisoned with a five-year sentence, while others fled or returned to Russia, ending their intelligence roles.
  • The dismantling dealt a major blow to Moscow’s illegals program and demonstrates Brazil's shift against foreign espionage, supported by international intelligence cooperation.
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Globo broke the news in Brazil on Wednesday, May 21, 2025.
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