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Rio Grande Water Crisis Imperils 15 Million in US, Mexico

Irrigated agriculture consumes 87% of water, with 52% of usage unsustainable, risking farmland loss and water shortages for 15 million people, researchers warn.

  • On Nov. 20, a study led by Brian Richter found the Rio Grande–Bravo basin in crisis, supplying 15 million people while 52% of water use is unsustainable.
  • Irrigated agriculture consumes the bulk of basin water, accounting for 87% of direct use with cattle‑feed crops such as alfalfa driving overconsumption, while evaporation and vegetation uptake cause more than half of overall consumption.
  • Among observed impacts, farmland loss and threatened species stand out as surface water dries by June, with farmers along Pecos and Rio Conchos receiving no surface supplies, Richter said, `A key part of this is really connecting the urban populations to what's going on out on these farms. These farmers are really struggling. A lot of them are on the brink of bankruptcy.`
  • A raft of solutions is being considered across jurisdictions as Colorado water managers threaten well shutoffs and New Mexico’s voluntary fallowing program awaits U.S. Supreme Court settlement approval; researchers propose rotational fallowing and infrastructure investments.
  • Across the West, researchers note a broader pattern of overuse, with the Northern Arizona University FEWSION Project linking Rio Grande declines to the Colorado River and Great Salt Lake.
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  • 71% of the sources are Center
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The Journal broke the news in on Thursday, November 20, 2025.
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