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Researchers Identify New Depression Subtype Linked to the Body Clock

The subtype affects about one-quarter of participants and may not respond to standard antidepressants or cognitive behavioral therapy, researchers said.

  • On Wednesday, University of Sydney researchers identified a 'circadian depression' subtype in about one in four patients within a study of 11,380 Australians, published in The British Journal of Psychiatry.
  • Disrupted body clocks drive this subtype, with patients reporting 'night owl' habits, social jet lag, and seasonal mood changes, according to Professor Ian Hickie, co-director of the Brain and Mind Centre.
  • Participants with this subtype, which affected 2,604 people, developed symptoms earlier—around age 19—and face a higher genetic risk for ADHD and bipolar disorder than others in the cohort.
  • Lead researcher Emiliana Tonini suggested targeted treatments such as melatonin or light therapy could better assist these individuals, as common SSRIs may be less effective for this subtype.
  • Researchers caution that further clinical trials are needed to validate these findings across broader populations before shifting standard diagnostic practices, as circadian depression remains a proposed subtype.
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According to a study with clinical and genetic data from more than 10,000 Australians, it accounts for almost a quarter of diagnoses in people with severe, recurrent or persistent depression.

·Madrid, Spain
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Sydney Morning Herald broke the news in North Sydney, Australia on Tuesday, October 20, 2026.
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