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American Cancer Society calls for routine prostate cancer screening in guideline change
The revised guidance follows new research showing screening can lower prostate cancer deaths while reducing harm from unnecessary treatment.
On Thursday, the American Cancer Society recommended that men ages 50 to 69 at average risk undergo prostate-specific antigen blood level screening every two years, replacing previous discretionary guidance.
A major European randomized study with over two decades of follow-up found routine testing significantly lowers prostate cancer deaths, prompting the ACS to shift from the flexible, discretionary advice in previous 2010 guidelines.
Annual screening at 45 is advised for high-risk groups, including Black men and those with family history. To reduce unnecessary biopsies, the ACS now suggests MRIs or biomarker tests after elevated readings, with 3.0 nanograms/milliliter set as the high-level threshold.
James Eastham, chief of urology at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, called the update "a balanced approach" that helps physicians refer patients earlier. Survivor Eddie Baynes said the guidelines "hit the nail on the head."
Guidelines emphasize active surveillance for slow-growing tumors to prevent overtreatment. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, which currently recommends against routine screening, announced an upcoming update to its own guidelines.