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Hemingway's century-old 'The Sun Also Rises' still inspires Americans to run with bulls in Pamplona
The novel’s 100th anniversary keeps drawing foreigners to the San Fermín bull runs, with Americans making up 16% of runners in 2022, officials said.
The San Fermin festival exploded in Pamplona on Sunday, July 6, 2026, marking the 100th anniversary of Ernest Hemingway's novel "The Sun Also Rises," which transformed the city into a global destination.
Hemingway's 1926 novel popularized the "lost generation" and established itself as a cornerstone of American literature, transforming the festival into a bucket-list destination for international travelers, particularly Americans.
Americans comprise 16% of foreign runners, the largest percentage according to Pamplona's City Hall. Bill Hillmann, who first read the book at 19, has run with the bulls hundreds of times despite multiple gorings.
Regular participants like Hillmann warn that the high percentage of inexperienced foreigners makes the event particularly dangerous, though no death has occurred since 2009, with injuries remaining common.
Despite feminist and animal rights critiques, Hemingway's local legacy remains mixed; his granddaughter Mariel Hemingway believes his exploration of identity, love, and purpose will endure for generations.