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Muscle Loss From GLP-1 Drugs Could Undermine Long-Term Health

UNITED STATES, JUL 21 – A US study of over 60,000 patients found GLP-1 receptor agonists reduced dementia risk by 37% and ischemic stroke by 19%, despite associated fat-free mass loss.

  • University of Virginia researchers published a July 21, 2025 paper warning that GLP-1 drugs cause muscle loss and do not improve heart and lung function.
  • They conducted a review of data on semaglutide, tirzepatide, and related medications, aiming to understand long-term consequences of fat-free mass loss.
  • The researchers found these drugs induce significant weight loss but cause loss of 25% to 40% fat-free mass, mainly muscle, without boosting cardiorespiratory fitness.
  • Lead author Zhenqi Liu emphasized that ongoing studies are addressing this topic, and expressed optimism that more effective strategies will be developed in the near future. Angadi also highlighted that the impact of exercise regimens combined with GLP-1 treatment on maintaining or enhancing VO2max has yet to be thoroughly evaluated.
  • The findings imply the need for screening malnutrition risk and promoting exercise and protein intake during treatment to protect muscle and support long-term health.
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European Medical Journal broke the news in on Sunday, July 20, 2025.
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