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Carney made reforms a factor in recognizing Palestine — here’s where they stand
Canada says recognition depends on Palestinian Authority reforms that would curb antisemitic content, end stipends and exclude Hamas from future elections.
In September 2025, Prime Minister Mark Carney announced Canada officially recognized the State of Palestine, saying recognition was "predicated on the Palestinian Authority's commitment to much-needed reform."
Carney outlined specific mandates for the PA, including promises to "fundamentally reform its governance," hold general elections in 2026 excluding Hamas, and demilitarize the Palestinian state.
The Palestinian finance ministry reports 30 of 33 promised reforms achieved, though Israeli firm Impact-SE alleges textbooks glorify violence, and critics contend "the occupation remains" despite reforms.
Israeli Ambassador to Canada Iddo Moed denounced the PA as corrupt, saying "we see regression" on elections, while the PA struggles to fund services amid Israeli economic policies withholding tax revenue.
University of Ottawa researcher Jeremy Wildeman claims recognition relies on "perpetually moving goalposts," while York University professor Heidi Matthews suggests the focus on reforms attempts to create facts supporting Palestinian self-governance.