Arctic Fossils Show Ocean Life Rebounded Quickly After Mass Extinction
- On November 13, Scandinavian paleontologists published in the journal Science findings on more than 30,000 fossil elements from a 249 million-year-old marine community on Spitsbergen, Svalbard archipelago.
- The end-Permian mass extinction, the so-called 'great dying', wiped out over 90% of marine species, and paleontologists long hypothesized a long-standing gradual recovery hypothesis spanning multiple millions of years.
- On the mountainside the Spitsbergen bonebed weathered out and accumulated over a short geological timeframe, while 1 m2 grid sampling across 36 m2 recovered over 800 kg of fossils.
- The assemblage suggests the earliest radiation of land-living animals into oceanic ecosystems, with sea-going reptiles and amphibians originating earlier, opening niches that shaped modern marine communities.
- Found in 2015, the fossils required nearly a decade of work involving the Natural History Museum at the University of Oslo and the Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, using stratigraphic dating and advanced analytical techniques.
12 Articles
12 Articles
Vertebral microstructure marks the emergence of pelagic ichthyosaurs soon after the End Permian Mass Extinction - Scientific Reports
Ichthyosaurs were the first fully marine tetrapods, and evolved a streamlined body, flippers, live birth, and endothermy-like physiology. However, the transition to these adaptations and how it relates to divergence into ocean environments is ambiguous. Here, we use vertebral bone microstructure to document the first ontogenetic series of two Early Triassic taxa that include the oldest ichthyosaur foetal fossils. One series is from Grippia, an e…
Oldest oceanic reptile ecosystem from the Age of Dinosaurs found on Arctic island
More than 30,000 teeth, bones and other fossils from a 249 million-year-old community of extinct marine reptiles, amphibians, bony fish and sharks have been discovered on the remote Arctic island of Spitsbergen. These record the earliest radiation of land-living animals into oceanic ecosystems following cataclysmic extinction and extreme global warming at the dawn of the Age of Dinosaurs.
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