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Ancient Hominin Fossils Reveal Two Human Ancestors Lived Side by Side

The 3.4-million-year-old Burtele foot shows Australopithecus deyiremeda had an opposable big toe for climbing, differing from Australopithecus afarensis in locomotion and diet, researchers said.

  • Scientists found eight bones from an ancient human ancestor in the Afar Rift in Ethiopia, dating back 3.4 million years, as reported by paleoanthropologist Yohannes Haile-Selassie.
  • The discovery suggests that Australopithecus deyiremeda and Australopithecus afarensis coexisted, living in the same environment but with different lifestyles, according to Haile-Selassie.
  • The foot bone analysis indicates that Australopithecus deyiremeda had a different locomotion than Australopithecus afarensis, suggesting they lived very different lifestyles while coexisting.
  • The findings demonstrate that human evolution involved multiple hominin species living together, challenging the idea that our evolution was linear, according to Haile-Selassie.
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The discovery calls into question the unique status of Lucy's species.

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Nature broke the news in United Kingdom on Wednesday, November 26, 2025.
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