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First evidence of ‘living towers’ made of worms discovered in nature

  • A team of scientists from the University of Konstanz and the Max Planck Institute studied nematode worms forming tower-like structures on decaying apples and pears near Konstanz, Germany during late summer and autumn 2024.
  • They investigated this because previous lab studies suggested nematodes build towers to disperse by hitching rides on insects, but natural occurrences had not been documented.
  • Using digital microscopes, the team recorded towers of Caenorhabditis elegans worms up to 10 mm high clustering around structures like bristles on fruit, showing collective and responsive behavior.
  • Serena Ding, the senior author, expressed immense excitement upon witnessing the natural worm towers for the first time, emphasizing that these formations function as coordinated superorganisms rather than simple clusters of worms.
  • This discovery confirms nematode towers function as a natural dispersal strategy and opens new avenues to study collective animal behavior across species.
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The worms form a swarming superorganism that perceives stimuli – and can be chauffeured in this way in case of food shortages of insect flight taxis

·Vienna, Austria
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Science broke the news in on Thursday, June 5, 2025.
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