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Why Yemen’s Houthis Have only Grown Stronger Through Years of War
U.N. experts say Iranian weapons and training, plus a force that grew to 350,000 fighters, have helped the Houthis outlast regional air campaigns.
In recent weeks, Houthi rebels have advanced toward the Bab el-Mandeb, a narrow strait between the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, while capitalizing on their fractured Yemeni adversaries' weakness.
Iran provides expertise and sophisticated weaponry to the Houthis, who developed advanced military capabilities in five years—a timeline that took Lebanese Hezbollah 20 years to achieve.
U.N. experts estimate Houthi forces grew to 350,000 fighters by 2024, up from 30,000 in 2015, enabling the group to disperse infrastructure across mountainous territory and evade air campaigns.
On Saturday, Sept. 12, 2026, civilians in Bani Matar celebrated as the Houthis consolidated control following their takeover of the southern port city of Mokha.
Saudi Arabia remains reluctant to enter another full-scale war, and with U.S.-Iran tensions unresolved, the Houthis appear intransigent, demanding the lifting of the Saudi naval blockade as a condition for progress.