Pollution, climate-driven heat and unplanned development have left 315 of the region’s 697 natural lakes disappeared or shrunk, an Indian government report found.
An Indian government report last year found that 315 of the region's 697 natural lakes have disappeared since 1967, while 203 have shrunk. Climate change, pollution, and development threaten the long-term existence of lakes in Indian-controlled Kashmir.
Shifting, unpredictable weather patterns mean lakes face sudden inflows followed by prolonged stress during drier months, said Sher Muhammad, a glaciologist with the Kathmandu-headquartered International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development. Glacier melt reduces natural water storage over time.
Fishermen at Wular Lake report shrinking incomes as catches plummet. Abdul Rasheed, a 45-year-old fisherman, said his daily income fell from around 1,000 rupees to just 100 to 200 rupees for an entire night of fishing.
Sewage from unconnected houses remains a major pollution contributor, said Muzamil Ahmad Rafiqui, superintending engineer for Kashmir's Lake Conservation and Management Authority. Despite more than 75% of Srinagar's population connected to treatment systems, workers struggle to clear polluted waters.
Erratic weather has hit hydropower-generating capacity, tourism, and highly valued apple and saffron farms across the region, warned Irfan Rashid, an environmental scientist at the Srinagar-based University of Kashmir. Climate change impacts every economic sector in recent years.
Each morning, long and narrow wooden boats called shikaras sail elegantly along the extensive Dal Lake in an almost idyllic scene framed by the mountains of the Himalayan mountain range.