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The Twin Towers came down in a cloud of toxic dust. Its health impact has lasted decades
The records suggest asbestos remained in lower Manhattan for months after the towers fell, raising new questions for more than 145,000 responders and survivors.
New York Mayor Zohran Mamdani released over 170,000 pages of documents this week revealing post-9/11 air quality records, suggesting harmful asbestos levels persisted in Lower Manhattan far longer than city officials initially disclosed.
Documents reveal officials and doctors knew the dust contained toxic metals like cadmium and lead, contradicting statements by former mayors Michael Bloomberg and Rudy Giuliani regarding air safety after the attacks.
Two decades after working in the moonscape of dust, Frank Kotnik, 66, discovered blood in his urine; testing revealed he had bladder cancer, one of thousands facing delayed health consequences from exposure.
The World Trade Center Health Program currently serves over 145,000 responders and survivors, with Dr. Jacqueline Moline emphasizing that regular medical checkups remain critical for early diagnosis and treatment of 9/11-related cancers.
Nearly 25 years after the attacks, the public continues reckoning with lasting health consequences for thousands, while Andrew Whelton, a professor at Purdue University, noted lessons from 9/11 can inform future disaster response protocols.