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Scientists build synthetic cell from scratch that can feed, grow and replicate

The prototype uses 36 genes and a 90,000-base-pair genome, and it keeps dividing only with outside supplies, researchers said.

  • University of Minnesota Twin Cities synthetic biologist Kate Adamala and her team constructed SpudCell, a synthetic droplet capable of feeding, growing, and replicating like a natural cell.
  • Made of 150 to 200 molecules and 36 genes, SpudCell relies on a 90,000 base pair genome to replicate every 12 hours at 30 degrees Celsius, far slower than natural bacteria.
  • Researchers encoded division using FLAG surface tags, yet ribosomes degrade over time and only 30% of SpudCells retained the full genome after five division cycles.
  • Following the research, synthetic biologist Drew Endy and Adamala founded Biotic, a public-benefit institution that secured $10 million in seed money to accelerate synthetic cell development.
  • Although SpudCell remains a limited prototype unable to evolve, scientists suggest synthetic cells could eventually enable new cancer treatments, carbon capture, or chemical manufacturing.
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Researchers at the University of Minnesota developed SpudCell, a synthetic cell that grows, reproduces and divides its genetic material. The goal is living artificial life with applications in medicine and the environment.

·Munich, Germany
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Science broke the news on Wednesday, July 1, 2026.
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