In March 1982, the Soviet Venera 13 Lander Survived 127 Minutes on the Surface of Venus at Roughly 457 Degrees Celsius and 89 Atmospheres of Pressure, Drilling and Analysing a Soil Sample While Transmitting the First Colour Photographs Ever Taken From the Surface of Another Planet
The Soviet lander survived about 32 minutes and returned the only direct surface measurements from Venus, including data from its own lens cap.
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In March 1982, the Soviet Venera 13 lander survived 127 minutes on the surface of Venus at roughly 457 degrees Celsius and 89 atmospheres of pressure, drilling and analysing a soil sample while transmitting the first colour photographs ever taken from the surface of another planet
On March 1, 1982, a squat titanium-shelled probe the size of a beer keg slammed into the eastern edge of a Venusian highland called Phoebe Regio, bounced on its shock absorber, and began ticking. Inside the sealed pressure vessel, an oven-baked stack of Soviet electronics had roughly half an hour to live. It lasted 127 minutes. In that window, Venera 13 fired pyrotechnic bolts to eject its camera lens caps, extended a drill onto the surface, gro…
On 5 March 1982, Russia’s Venera 14 lander reached the surface of Venus, ejected the protective cap from its camera lens, photographed the surrounding terrain — and then lowered its mechanical soil-testing arm directly onto the discarded lens cap, returning a clean measurement of the compressibility of Soviet plastic instead of Venusian rock.
On 5 March 1982 the Soviet Venera 14 lander reached Venus, ejected its camera lens cap, and lowered its soil-testing arm onto the cap instead of the ground. Its other instruments worked flawlessly, and the rock chemistry the mission returned is still the only data of its kind.
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